smokeless tobacco effects on sperm Toxic of female reproductive health: A review Smoking is one of the
Smoking is one of the most significant modifiable lifestyle factors affecting male fertility. Cigarette smoke contains toxic chemicals that increase oxidative stress, leading to damage in sperm structure and DNA. Smoking has The mutagenic effect of tobacco smoke on male fertility Environmental Science and Pollution Research Springer Nature Link Assessment of the toxicity effects of nicotine on sperm and IVF and the potential protective role of silymarinan experimental study in mice Middle East Fertility Society Journal Springer Nature Link Cigarette damaged sperm DNA causes miscarriages
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